CBSE Class 12 Geography Syllabus 2023

CBSE Class 12 Geography Syllabus 2023 – Chapters, Topics are available in detail in this article. All the course structure details are related to CBSE(Central Board Of Secondary Education). CBSE changes the syllabus year to year. So the latest syllabus is also having in this article. Check once in this article and start your preparation. You can download the CBSE Class 11 Geography Syllabus (सीबीएसई कक्षा 12 भूगोल पाठ्यक्रम) for the regulation of 2020-21 – Chapters, Topics- PDF here. That may also know the CBSE Class 12 Geography Syllabus 2023.

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Below we have mentioned the CBSE Class 12 Geography Syllabus 2023 -21 Marks weightage and units as well.

Download CBSE Class 12 Geography Syllabus 2023

Parts	Units	Marks
A	Fundamentals of Human Geography	35 Marks
	Unit 1: Human Geography	30
	Unit 2: People
	Unit 3: Human Activities
	Unit 4: Human settlements
	Map Work	5
B	India: People and Economy	35 Marks
	Unit 1: People	30 Marks
	Unit 2: Human Settlements
	Unit 3: Resources and Development
	Unit 5: Geographical Perspective on selected issues and problems
	Map Work	5
	Total	70 Marks
C	Practical Work in Geography Part II	30 Marks
	Unit 1: Processing of Data and Thematic Mapping	25
	Practical Record Book and Viva Voce	5

Units in CBSE Class 12 2021 Geography Syllabus Chapters, topics

Unit 1: Human Geography: Nature and Scope

Unit 2: People

Population-distribution, density, and growth
Population change-spatial patterns and structure; determinants of population change
Population Composition – age-sex pyramid; rural-urban composition
Human development – concept; selected indicators, international Comparisons

Unit 3: Human Activities

Primary activities – concept and changing trends; gathering, pastoral, mining, subsistence agriculture, modern agriculture; people engaged in agricultural and allied activities – some examples from selected countries
Tertiary activities-concept; trade, transport, and tourism; services; people engaged in tertiary activities – some examples from selected countries
Quaternary activities-concept; people engaged in quaternary activities – case study from selected countries

Unit 4: Human Settlements

Settlement types – rural and urban; morphology of cities (case study); distribution of megacities; problems of human settlements in developing countries

Part B: India: People and Economy

Unit 1: People

Population: distribution, density, and growth; composition of
population – linguistic, religious; sex, rural-urban and occupational regional variations in the growth of population
Migration: international, national-causes and consequences
Human development: selected indicators and regional patterns
Population, environment, and development

Unit 2: Human Settlements

Rural settlements – types and distribution

Urban settlements – types, distribution, and functional classification

Unit 3: Resources and Development

Water resources-availability and utilization-irrigation, domestic, industrial, and other uses; scarcity of water and conservation methods-rain water harvesting and watershed management
Mineral and energy resources- distribution of metallic (Iron ore, Copper, Bauxite, Manganese); non-metallic (Mica, Salt) minerals; conventional (Coal, Petroleum, Natural gas, and Hydroelectricity) and non-conventional energy sources (solar, wind, biogas) and conservation
Planning in India- target group area planning (case study); the idea of sustainable development (case study)

Unit 5: Geographical Perspective on selected issues and problems

Environmental pollution; urban-waste disposal
Urbanization, rural-urban migration; problems of slums
Land degradation

Part C: Practical Work in Geography Part II

Unit 1: Processing of Data and Thematic Mapping

Type and Sources of data: Primary, Secondary and other sources
Tabulating and processing of data; calculation of averages, measures of central tendency
Representation of data- construction of diagrams: bars, circles, and flowchart; thematic maps; construction of dot; choropleth and isopleths maps
Data analysis and generation of diagrams, graphs, and other visual diagrams using computers

Download CBSE Class 12 Geography Syllabus 2023

Fundamentals of Human Geography
People and Economy
Practical Work

Click Here– Download the Class 11 Geography Syllabus 2023

CBSE Class 12 Geography Syllabus Mark Weightage

Part A		Marks
Fundamentals of Human Geography	Unit-1: Human Geography	30
	Unit-2: People
	Unit-3: Human Activities
	Unit-4: Transport, Communication and Trade
	Unit-5: Human settlements

	Map and diagram	5
Part B
India – People and Economy	Unit-6: People	30
	Unit-7: Human Settlements
	Unit-8: Resources and Development
	Unit-9: Transport, Communication, and International Trade
	Unit-10: Geographical Perspective on selected issues and problems	5
Part C		Marks
Practical Work	Unit-1: Processing of Data and Thematic Mapping	10
	Unit-2: Field study or Spatial Information Technology Maps	15
	unit 3: Practical Record Book and Viva	5
Total		70 Marks

The time of an examination is 3 hours and marks are 70

Units in CBSE Class 12 Geography Syllabus & No. of Periods

Fundamentals of Human Geography-(87 Periods)
India – People and Economy-(78 Periods)
Practical Work-(50 Periods)

Units in CBSE Class 12 Geography Syllabus Chapters, topics

Part-A. Fundamentals of Human Geography

Unit 1: Human Geography: Nature and Scope

Unit 2: People

Population-distribution,density and growth
Population change-spatial patterns and structure; determinants of population change;
Age-sex ratio; rural-urban composition;
Human development – concept; selected indicators, international comparisons

Unit 3: Human Activities

Primary activities – concept and changing trends; gathering, pastoral, mining, subsistence agriculture, modern agriculture; people engaged in agricultural and allied activities – some examples from selected countries.297
Secondary activities-concept; manufacturing: types – household, small scale, large scale; agro-based and mineral-based industries; people engaged in secondary activities – some examples from selected countries.
Tertiary activities-concept; trade, transport, and tourism; services; people engaged in tertiary activities – some examples from selected countries.
Quaternary activities-concept; people engaged in quaternary activities – a case study from selected countries.

Unit 4: Transport, Communication, and Trade

Land transport – roads, railways; trans-continental railways.
Water transport- inland waterways; major ocean routes.
Air transport- Intercontinental air routes.
Oil and gas pipelines.
Satellite communication and cyberspace- Importance and usage for geographical information; use of GPS.
International trade-Bases and changing patterns; ports as gateways of international trade, the role of WTO in International trade.
Ocean: National rights and international treaties.

Unit 5: Human Settlements

Settlement types – rural and urban; morphology of cities (case study); distribution of megacities; problems of human settlements in developing countries.
Map Work on the identification of features based on 1-5 units on the outline/ Physical/Political map of the World. 05

Part B. India: People and Economy

Unit 6: People

Population: distribution, density, and growth; composition of the population – linguistic, religious; sex, rural-urban and occupational-regional variations in the growth of population.
Migration: international, national-causes and consequences.
Human development: selected indicators and regional patterns.
Population, environment, and development.

Unit 7: Human Settlements

Rural settlements – types and distribution.
Urban settlements – types, distribution, and functional classification.
Unit 8: Resources and Development
Land resources- general land use; agricultural land use, Geographical conditions and distribution of major crops (Wheat, Rice, Tea, Coffee, Cotton, Jute, Sugarcane and Rubber), agricultural development and problems.298
Water resources-availability and utilization-irrigation, domestic, industrial and other uses; scarcity of water and conservation methods-rain water harvesting and watershed management.
Mineral and energy resources- distribution of metallic (Iron ore, Copper, Bauxite, Manganese); non-metallic (Mica, Salt) minerals; conventional (Coal, Petroleum, Natural gas, and Hydroelectricity) and non-conventional energy sources (solar, wind, biogas) and conservation.
Industries – types, factors of industrial location; distribution and changing pattern of selected industries-iron and steel, cotton textiles, sugar, petrochemicals, and knowledge based industries; the impact of liberalization, privatisation, and globalisation on industrial location; industrial clusters.
Planning in India- target group area planning (case study); the idea of sustainable development (case study).

Unit 9: Transport, Communication, and International Trade

Transport and communication-roads, railways, waterways, and airways: oil and gas pipelines; Geographical information and communication networks.
International trade- changing pattern of India’s foreign trade; seaports and their hinterland and airports.

Unit 10: Geographical Perspective on Selected Issues and Problems

Environmental pollution; urban-waste disposal.
Urbanization, rural-urban migration; problems of slums.
Land degradation.
Map work on locating and labeling of features based on the above units on an outline map of India. 05 Marks

Part-C Practical Work

Unit 1: Processing of Data and Thematic Mapping

Type and Sources of data: Primary, Secondary and other sources.
Tabulating and processing of data; calculation of averages, measures of central tendency, deviation and rank correlation.
Representation of data- construction of diagrams: bars, circles, and flowchart; thematic maps; construction of dot; choropleth and isopleth maps.
Data analysis and generation of diagrams, graphs and other visual diagrams using computers.

Unit 2: Field Study or Spatial Information Technology

Field visit and study: map orientation, observation and preparation of sketch; survey on any one of the local concerns; pollution, groundwater changes, land use and land-use changes, poverty, energy issues, soil degradation, impact of floods and drought, catchment area of school, Market survey and Household survey (any one topic of local concern may be taken up for the study; observation and questionnaire survey may be adopted for the data collection; collected data may be tabulated and analyzed with diagrams and maps). Students can be given different topics to get more insight into various problems of society.

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Download the Geography CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2023-19

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